Turkey’s policy in the Black Sea region is the result of not only a complex relationship with Russia but also of a … and Russian vision of a regional order that excludes external actors. This can be seen in the way Turkey interpreted the … significantly to the West’s uncer­tainty about Turkey’s foreign policy orientation. However, Ankara is not questioning its security …

Over the course of the last decade, Turkey has emerged as a major actor in the Middle East. It has embarked on a … to strike an “independent” foreign policy from the United States. In fact, Turkey’s new activism in the Middle East and …. Today it is the world’s 16th largest economy. The second is Turkey’s ruling Justice and Development Party, AKP, leadership …

middle power influence in a changing global context. The AKP government in Turkey has become a major supporter of political … pluralistic order. Indeed, the policy might have been counter-productive in terms of undermining Turkey’s image of a benign … regional power, by drawing it to sectarian conflicts and over-engagement in the domestic politics of key Arab states. Turkey …