provision of formal childcare lessens the earnings and employment impacts of children. Our analyses notably incorporate the role … of grandparents as informal providers of childcare. We find that the arrival of a firstborn reduces the employment and … thought. Studying the implementation of a universal childcare program in the province of Quebec, we find that formal childcare …

provision of formal childcare lessens the earnings and employment impacts of children. Our analyses notably incorporate the role … of grandparents as informal providers of childcare. We find that the arrival of a firstborn reduces the employment and … thought. Studying the implementation of a universal childcare program in the province of Quebec, we find that formal childcare …

bucket”. We analyze the MECR of an income-contingent childcare subsidy program and the income tax within the German context …, using a dynamic structural heterogeneous-household model of childcare demand and maternal labor supply. This allows us to … forces. (i) Labor supply responses increase the MECR of the childcare subsidy relative to the income tax. (ii) Child …

bucket” to compare the MECR of an income-contingent childcare subsidy program and of the income-contingent tax and transfer … schedule. We set up a dynamic structural model of heterogeneous households choosing their childcare demand and maternal labor … supply. Allowing for the availability of informal childcare and for consumption of leisure, we estimate this model within the …

as childcare and leave policies interaction. The findings from the fixed effects model reveal that childcare coverage for … gap in employment. The impact of the leaves depends, however, on childcare availability: long maternity leaves combined … with high childcare coverage lead to greater employment gap than when the coverage is low. The results do not prove that …

satisfactory work-life balance. Childcare allows the primary caregiver, usually the mother, to take time away from childrearing for … employment. Family policies that subsidize childcare and increase its availability have different effects on female labor supply … may depend on countryspecific pre-reform female employment and earnings, and childcare availability, costs, and quality. …