VIX futures prices rose slowly in late February and early March 2020 as the COVID-19 pandemic took hold. Futures price premiums, defined as futures prices minus real-time statistical forecasts of future VIX values, turned sharply negative and remained negative until mid-April. Trading strategies...

Starting from analyzing the use of goods, this paper discussed the Non-excludability and Non-rivalry characteristics of the goods in four assumed occasions based on different using methods and directions among users. It holds that Non-excludability and Non-rivalry are neither the objective...

New-classical paradigm public goods theory holds that non-exclusivity and non-competitiveness are the objective attributes of public goods. However, in reality, it is difficult to find a good which is strictly non-exclusive and non-competitive. Trading paradigm theory holds that the...

New-classical paradigm public goods theory holds that the Non-excludability and Non-rivalry are the objective attributes of public goods. However, in reality, it is difficult to find a good which is strictly Non-excludability and Non-rivalry. Trading paradigm theory holds that the...

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of online review’s tactile cues in consumer’s purchase intention, given the absence of direct experience in online shopping. Design/methodology/approach: Based on four empirical studies, the authors examine the role of online...