Previous research suggests that "direct" reforms to the liability system -- reforms designed to reduce the level of …. Although we find that direct reforms improve medical productivity primarily by reducing malpractice claims rates and …

system, the rise of managed care in the 1990s may affect the relationship between liability reform and defensive medicine. In … this paper, we assess empirically the extent to which managed care and liability reform interact to affect the cost of care …Because the optimal level of medical malpractice liability depends on the incentives provided by the health insurance …

system, the rise of managed care in the 1990s may affect the relationship between liability reform and defensive medicine. In … this paper, we assess empirically the extent to which managed care and liability reform interact to affect the cost of care …Because the optimal level of medical malpractice liability depends on the incentives provided by the health insurance …