strict liability rule for railway accidents by the Prussian Railway Law in 1838. This was a complete break with the whole … in the present-day broad diffusion of the liability rule in the German tort law. …

This is a survey of legal liability for accidents. Three general aspects of accident liability are addressed. The first … is the effect of liability on incentives, both whether to engage in activities (for instance, whether to drive) and how …-bearing and insurance, for the liability system acts as an implicit insurer for accident victims and it imposes risk on potential …

covered. The first is legal liability for harm. Here we discuss liability rules as incentives to reduce risk, issues of risk …-bearing and insurance, and the costs of the liability system. Second, we consider property law, where we address the nature and …