industry fixed effects, we find that workers in protected sectors receive lower wages. However, introducing industry fixed … of greater wages. Since Argentina's tariff structure during this period protected relatively more sectors employing …

employment and wages in the United Kingdom. It finds that firms can benefit from services trade, through increased employment …, production and productivity. On average, workers’ wages are also positively impacted by increased services trade. The findings … suggest that services imports enhance female wages more than those of males, thereby contributing to narrow the gender wage …

We examine vulnerability to poverty in Tajikistan during the global financial crisis, focusing on the roles played by … to estimate a Markov transition probability matrix with the aim of identifying the vulnerability of households to poverty …. Importantly, by introducing the index of vulnerability as the weighted probability of a household falling into poverty over a …

We examine vulnerability to poverty in Tajikistan during the global financial crisis, focusing on the roles played by … to estimate a Markov transition probability matrix with the aim of identifying the vulnerability of households to poverty …. Importantly, by introducing the index of vulnerability as the weighted probability of a household falling into poverty over a …

people at the lower end of income distribution will graduate into the middle class category. The increase in poverty rates …