Why do countries tend to repay their domestic and external debt, even though the legal enforcement of the sovereign debt contract is limited? Contrary to conventional wisdom, we argue that temporary market exclusion after default is costly. When the domestic financial market is characterized by...

Complete financial markets allow countries to share their consumption risks internationally, thereby creating welfare gains through lower volatility of aggregate consumption. This paper empirically looks at international consumption risk sharing and its determinants in a panel of 120 countries...

This paper develops a dynamic two-country neoclassical stochastic growth model with incomplete markets. Short-term credit flows can be excessive and reverse suddenly. The equilibrium outcome is constrained inefficient due to pecuniary externalities. First, an undercapitalized country borrows too...

The authors of this article, Nicolas Firzli, WPC, David Weeks, AMNT, and the Hon. Nick Sherry, SEF, co-chaired the main financial roundtable during the COP21/Paris Agreement conference: the Paris Climate Finance Roundtable (CFR) , alongside Dr. Jeffrey Sachs, Director, Center for Sustainable...

This paper provides a comprehensive examination of Decentralized Finance (DeFi) platforms, particularly focusing on Protocols for Loanable Funds (PLFs) like Compound. By unpacking the operational mechanics, economic models, and distinguishing features of lending protocols, this study offers...

This study was conducted with the aim of examining the role of financial development in the impact of foreign direct investment on economic growth. The interesting point of this study is expressed through the effort to determine the level of financial development to maximize the spillover...

We review the literature on the effectiveness of capital controls and macroprudential measures. First, we explain the purposes and examples of capital controls and macroprudential policies. We then analyze various theoretical models and empirical findings from prior studies that investigate the...

We illustrate the importance of law and regulation using firms incorporated in offshore financial centers (OFCs) that promise an efficient institutional environment but can also enable expropriation of minority shareholders. We find SEC action is more likely for these firms, which is consistent...

Offshore markets in a non-convertible currency, usually referred to as non-deliverable forward (NDF) markets, enable trading of the non-convertible currency outside the influence of the domestic authorities. These contracts are settled in a convertible currency, usually US Dollars, as the...