This paper examines an ideal pension system that would prevent an increase in net pension liabilities and redress intergenerational inequalities. The direction of pension system reform that this paper proposes is to limit the amount of pension benefits to the sum of premiums, state...

This paper examines how social security reform and childcare support affect fertility and social welfare, based on a simple overlapping generations model with endogenous fertility. In an open economy with no altruism, introducing a childcare subsidy is the second-best solution under an aging...

In this paper we investigate why and to what extent the government should have a social security trust fund, and how it should manage the fund in the face of demographic shocks, based on a simple overlapping-generations model. We show that the government should have a trust fund in some form,...

We examine how ability-screening affects demand for education and the shape of an optimal education system. Explicitly incorporating gradual screening by education into the model, we illustrate how individuals of different abilities decide to stay in education or drop out. Gradual screening...

We find that, over their 1990s business cycles, the entire distribution of after-tax household size-adjusted income moved to the right in the United States and Great Britain while inequality declined. In contrast, Germany and Japan had less income growth, a rise in inequality and a decline in...

The Japanese Longitudinal Survey on Employment and Fertility (LOSEF): the 2011 Internet Version was composed of 3 elements undertaken simultaneously via the Internet: 1) creation of a panel data set from transcription of administrative data (history of pension enrolment, salary history, etc.)...

In this study, we examined how the impact of child adversity on adulthood mental health is mediated by perceived social support and socioeconomic status (SES) in Japan, using micro data collected from surveys conducted in four municipalities in the Tokyo metropolitan area (N = 3,305). We focused...