This paper studies an unusually comprehensive data-set of the universe of research groups that applied to an Italian 1989 93 research programme in biotechnology and bio-instrumentation. We develop a model to test whether past publications influence the expected grants obtained by the units in...

The diversified business group (DBG) is a ubiquitous institution in developing economies. It is a formal inter-firm network that typically involves financial institutions, distributors and manufacturers. Groupwise diversification is viewed by some as a novel form of organizational innovation by...

Do social movement organizations increase the supply of a public good? We address this question by investigating the role of generalist social movement organizations (SMOs) and technology-focused organizations (TSMOs) for the development of the electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure in...

Between 1883 and 1919, Andrew Carnegie donated approximately $1 billion in 2019 dollars to fund the construction of more than 1,500 public libraries across the United States. We show that this historical rollout of public libraries — which promoted access to knowledge for millions of people...

In an era in which accountability, cost effectiveness and impact orientation are at premium, Research and Technological Organisations are under pressure not only to improve their performance but also to be able to demonstrate this improvement. This pressure is particularly hard-felt by...

A large number of works have studied university-industry relationships either from a qualitative point of view or relying on a case study of a single university. The aim of this paper is to provide some statistical evidence at the cross-country, cross-industry level to verify some of the...

This paper draws concepts from the book The Mind Share Market: The Power of an Alternative Currency, by the same author. The worldwide advertising market, scoped at approximately $600 Billion in spend per year, includes the display of advertising to generate sales. This paper outlines a...

This essay makes two related contributions. First, it introduces the concept of “patent pull” to highlight an underexplored demand-side perspective on patents. Patents “pull” (private and public) investment to productive activities that would be less attractive in the absence of patents....

The Internet is great but broken. Back in the day, it brought us the Usenet Newsgroups, the Blogosphere and John Perry Barlow’s Declaration of Independence. Now, the Internet is dominated by monopolistic, addictive, asocial platforms that pit us against one another in a deluge of fake news,...

'National Innovation Systems' theories are built upon the assumption that linkages among organisations matter to innovation. Specifically, proximity is a crucial factor in most of the explanations of regional innovation systems. Yet several thing, such as the rapid growth of the internet and...