Mortgage fraud, often a violation of federal and state criminal statutes, covers a number of different types of … residential mortgage loans. Mortgage fraud has become prevalent over the past decade and shows no signs of diminishing despite the … mortgage loan markets, subprime markets, and various types of mortgage fraud. This paper concludes that the root causes of …

Several recent judicial opinions suggest that patent law’s inequitable conduct doctrine is broken. These opinions … indicate that - despite its admirable objective of encouraging disclosure of important information to the Patent Office - the … inequitable conduct defense is being over-used by alleged infringers in patent litigation to the detriment of the public. This …

patent-regime change on world-fair exhibits per capita, which we use as a proxy for non-patented innovation. We interpret …This paper analyzes the consequences of radical patent-regime change by exploiting a natural experiment: the forced … adoption of the Prussian patent system in territories annexed after the Austro-Prussian War of 1866. Compared to other German …

This working paper provides a statistical analysis of 74 patent families which cover subject matter relevant to ten … based on VaxPaL, a COVID-19 vaccines patent database developed by the Medicines Patent Pool (MPP). Through the detailed … examination of patent applicants, filing dates, and offices of first and subsequent filing, the paper identifies patterns and …

property. It is organized around the two principal objectives of intellectual property law: promoting innovation and aesthetic … creativity (focusing on patent, trade secret, and copyright protection) and protecting integrity of the commercial marketplace … protection and other means of addressing the economic problem (such as public funding and prizes in the case of patent and …

. Domestic innovation is measured as citation-weighted domestic patents filed at the European Patent Office (EPO): to account for … to patent at the EPO. Results show that, in the short-run, IPR stimulate innovation. The effect for developing countries …This paper analyses the causal impact of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) on pharmaceutical innovation in a panel of …

intellectual property right design. We derive conclusions in the simplest, one-time innovation, case then investigate how these … optimal procurement of innovation are considered. Finally, we sketch enforcement and competition policy issues. …

strategic patenting over time and across industries. With received citations as a measure of patent social value, we use data … strategy reveals there was an almost universal drop in patent social value in the second half of the 1990s, signaling a shift … companies increasing their focus on patent value relative to companies from other industries. On average, aerospace and software …

. -- heterogeneous inventions ; innovation size ; intellectual property rights ; patents ; patent filing fees ; patentability standards … mechanisms for medium inventions, and patent their most important innovations. This result reestablishes the traditional view …

Antonio Araújo) on the PIPa method, or method of pre-patent research, which anticipates the filing of patents, to subvert the …