role of the renminbi, and changes in market liquidity, relative returns and reserve management enhancing the attractions of …

the primary foreign currency liquidity needs of the central bank are already satisfied. …

On global scale, central banks' holdings of foreign reserves have escalated sharply in recent years. World … in the world. This pace of reserves accumulation is occurring without regard to its diminishing marginal benefits and …

the rationale for swap lines in providing cross-border liquidity to the real economy …

sensitivity of these strains to risk sentiment deterioration. Cross-border flows through banks for excess liquidity support … facilities leaves longer-term patterns of cross-border liquidity and capital flows broadly unchanged. While official sector … liquidity hoarding and “dash for cash” activity are expected to be lower with access to these facilities, initial evidence does …

markets, was evident in a number of countries. Notably, however, China’s dollar liquidity needs received little attention …. Given China’s deepening economic and financial linkages to the United States and rest of the world, financial instability …