In this paper, we modify Duan's (1995) local risk-neutral valuation relationship (mLRNVR) for the GARCH option-pricing models. In our mLRNVR, the conditional variances under two measures are designed to be different and the variance process is more persistent in the risk-neutral measure than in...

Under the conservative accounting principle, unreliable accruals are expected to reflect losses in a timely manner (Guay and Verrecchia 2006) and losses are less persistent (Basu 1997; Ball and Shivakumar 2006). Accordingly, the practice of accounting conservatism may cause lower persistence of...

In this study, we examine the effect of lenders' certification for pricing of auditing services for the borrowers. We find that loan initiation is associated with significant reduction in auditing fees. The decrease in auditing fees is more pronounced for non-syndicated loans and when the...

This study examines the association between the office size of engagement auditors and their clients' future stock price crash risk, a consequence of managerial bad news hoarding. Using a sample of U.S. public firms with Big 4 auditors, we find robust evidence that local audit office size is...

In this paper, we investigate a two-factor VIX model with infinite-activity jumps, which is a more realistic way to reduce errors in pricing VIX derivatives, compared with Mencía and Sentana (2013). Our two-factor model features central tendency, stochastic volatility and infinite-activity pure...