Most familiar anti-corruption strategies require sound state, social, and political institutions, and a minimal level of trust, both in government and among citizens. The absence of all or most of those assets is in part what defines fragility. Another key attribute is an 'expectations trap', in...

Many societies have limited corruption through the broad-based mobilization of a diverse range of interests willing and able to defend themselves by making meaningful demands for accountability of, and limits on, official power, and for an end to illicit advantages enjoyed by others....

[eng] Michael JOHNSTON — Corruption and democracy : threats to development, opportunities for reform. Democratization, economic development and corruption are intertwined. In some countries affluence, democracy and moderate to low levels of corruption reinforce each other ; elsewhere, poverty,...