The purpose of this paper is to investigate the rivalry between basic and applied research within public research labs …. Study design considers the international publications a proxy of basic research, whereas the self-financing deriving from … technology transfer activities is an indicator of applied research. A case study based on Italian National Research Council, one …

In this paper, we chronicle key U.S. legislative initiatives during the post-World War II history of public policy … related to the ownership of publicly funded research-based knowledge. Our motivation for recording this history is the … to clarify ownership of the publicness or openness of publicly funded research results when in fact such public policies …