Motivated by the rising importance of international sourcing by U.S. firms in recent decades, we study the influence of international sourcing on capital structure. We find that international sourcing has a significant negative influence on financial leverage. The negative influence is stronger...

The percentage of S&P 500 firms using multi-year accounting-based performance (MAP) incentives to CEOs increased from 16.5% in 1996 to 43.3% in 2008. The use and design of MAP incentives depend on the signal quality of accounting vs. stock performance, shareholder horizons, strategic...

In this empirical study we examine the correlation between the internationalization processes and financial performance of firms by focusing on the emerging market firms (EMNCs) that originate from the BRIC countries. We test the shape of the internationalization - performance curve and explore...

Food security - the assured access of all people to enough food for a healthy and active life - is the focus of considerable policy and research attention. This paper examines the relationship between both household and contextual characteristics and food security among households with...

We examine how accounting-based compensation plans influence a firm’s contracts with its creditors. After granting long-term accounting-based compensation plans (LTAPs) to CEOs, firms pay lower spreads and have fewer restrictive covenants in new bank loans. Mechanisms leading to lower...

Motivated by the SEC’s proposal for requiring disclosure on “actually paid” executive compensation, we use hand-collected actual payout data from CEOs’ accounting performance-based incentive plans to evaluate the usefulness of such disclosure. We find that actual payouts contain...

Motivated by the increasing importance of accounting return (ROA or ROIC) in firm decisions and compensation design, we study the effectiveness and implication of granting CEO incentives contingent on accounting-return (AR) metrics. We find that firms’ accounting return (AR) improves...

ZnO nanoneedle arrays were obtained from the transformation of ZnC2O4 precipitate, which was synthesized via electrodeposited method at room temperature. The diameter of those grown ZnO nanoneedles is about 80 nm. The XRD pattern and the HRTEM image indicate that the grown ZnO nanoneedles have...

In this empirical study we examine the correlation between the internationalization processes and financial performance of firms by focusing on the emerging market firms (EMNCs) that originate from the BRIC countries. We test the shape of the internationalization - performance curve and explore...