We hypothesize that CSR serves as a control mechanism to curb excessive risk taking and to reduce excessive risk avoidance. Firms with CSR focus must balance the interests of multiple stakeholders, and therefore, must allocate resources to satisfy both investing and noninvesting stakeholders'...

We study investor activism promoting environmental, social and governance (ESG) improvements using a proprietary dataset. Targets have a higher market share, analyst coverage, stock returns, and liquidity. The engagements lead to ESG rating adjustments. Activism is more likely to succeed when...

We study compliance of Indian firms to the 2013 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) regulation that mandates qualifying firms to spend 2 percent of the pre-tax profits on CSR. We demonstrate that the formation of CSR committees and the appointment of directors with relevant experience...

We analyze whether fraud firms modify their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities in anticipation of the revelation of a corporate misconduct. Specifically, our results show that firms that participated in illegal price fixing schemes strategically increase their CSR initiatives...

Three problems pose severe challenges to identify the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on firm value and performance. These are construct validity, limited data, and endogeneity. To deal with them we use a broad composite measure of CSR and panel data with firm fixed and random...

Although a growing number of investors are engaging with sovereign entities on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues, little academic research investigates this new form of investor activism. Applying universal ownership theory and drawing on eleven case studies of policy...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential effects of corporate governance (CG) elements on corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure. The annual reports of companies for the year 2007-2011 are examined to analyze the relationship between CG and CSR reporting. It considers...

This study analyzes the effect that banks' investments in corporate social responsibility (CSR) have on bank performance. I find that banks' investments in CSR have a positive impact on financial performance, measured in terms of both accounting performance and stock market value. However, not...