. Relying on cross-industry differences in the use of patents, we exploit firm-level variation in exposure to India's patent …We study the effect of stronger patent protection on innovation activities of firms and firm-product level markups … reform. For firms more exposed to stronger patent protection, we find an increase in patenting and R&D expenditure post …

Section 3(d) of India's Patents Act forbids patents on pharmaceutical substances that do not demonstrate a … provision. Only after an extended period of difficulty did India get to grips with World Trade Organization's Agreement on Trade … sophistication reached a near crescendo with the emergence of section 3(d), its crude drafting notwithstanding. India's efforts to …

"Indian Patent Act 1970" is the governing law related to patent right In India. The law starts from 1911 after the … the role of the judiciary in patent protection in India . It also discuss the leading landmark decision in "Novartis v … Indian Patents and Designs Act, 1911 enacted in India. The present Patents Act, 1970 and it came into force in the year 1972 …

stronger IPRs result into drastic rise of product prices and also may cause harm to infant high tech industries. India was a … from life and death. However, India unwillingly signed this international treaty on TRIPS and committed to introduce …

describes a quantitative story about how the issue might possibly unfold if India and South Africa utilized the framework …

The TRIPS Agreement obligated India to amend its patent laws to meet the minimum standard of patent protection and … patentability. In 2005, India amended its Patent Act to comply with TRIPS, which resulted in the removal of several provisions that … facilitated the production and importation of affordable generic drugs. The amended Patent Act introduced product patents for …

(IPRs) enforcement, with special reference to injunctions in India. It examines how far the courts consider the implications … public interest aspect and human rights implications while granting injunctions in patent litigation. Moreover, it asserts … that the courts should exercise prudence in granting injunctive relief in cases involving patent infringement, and take …

India and consequently increased the patent scope with concerns of compulsory licensing assuming greater significance. The …Compulsory License (CL) under the Patent system is an involuntary contract between a willing buyer and an unwilling … to produce the patented product or process without the consent of the patent owner. It is one of the flexibilities on …