The paper presents a selective review of the 'new' theories of international trade and examines their relevance to the new opportunities facing Turkey following the dramatic changes in the former Soviet Union (FSU). A gravity flow model is developed to assess the results of these changes. The...

The premise of the paper is that when the forces driving the globalization of the world economy are fully appreciated, the need for a new program of action in the MENA countries becomes very clear. We are going through a period of rapid and fundamental change that requires major adjustments in...

• Tariffs still matter. • Full tariff liberalisation to 2010 would generate dynamic welfare gains of $1 200 billion (at 1995 prices), equivalent to 3 per cent of World GDP in 2010, from greater efficiency and higher productivity. • Developing countries stand to gain relatively more from...

• Les droits de douane : une question toujours d’actualité. • Une libéralisation totale des droits de douane d’ici à 2010 – entraînant des progrès dans l’efficacité et la productivité – se traduirait par des gains de bien-être de l’ordre de 1 200 milliards de dollars (aux...

Over the past three decades, free trade agreements were mostly a European phenomenon European Free Trade Agreement [EFTA], European Economic Community [EEC], and their regional arrangements). Recently, this phenomenon has reached the Americas and is growing. The authors show that free trade...

Many developing countries are being encouraged to shift toward increased processing and exports of domestically produced natural resource based products now exported in primary form. But in many major markets, the structure of tariffs and nontariff barriers militate against such efforts. Zero or...

The authors give a long-term perspective on how changes in the former CMEA areas will affect international trade in manufactures. They show that expanding Eastern European exports to the West should be viewed as a step toward normalizing the Eastern European countries'trade patterns. First,...

Several studies have quantified the influence of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the earlier Canada - United States Free Trade Agreement on member countries. Less attention has been paid to their effects on nonmembers. The authors try to quantify NAFTA's third-party effects...