It has been repeatedly shown that universities and public research institutes contribute to local innovation generation and facilitation. The mechanisms behind this contribution are well discussed in the literature. However, detailed empirical examinations are missing. We analyse the impact of...

This paper estimates the private returns to four different kinds of R&D spending on the probability of Irish and foreign-owned businesses engaging in product, process and organizational innovation. By providing econometric analysis of nearly 2000 businesses in the Community Innovation Survey:...

This survey examines the empirical literature on the relationship between public R&D subsidies and private R&D investment over the past five decades. The survey reveals a considerable heterogeneity of empirical results that cannot be explained fully by methodological issues. We aim to provide...

The science and technology are essential to attain the millennium objective of both the developed countries, that are close to the technological frontier, and the developing countries, that must catch up with the former ones. The sustainable economic growth implies more than the mere opening...

This paper uses a comprehensive firm level data set for the manufacturing sector in Italy to investigate the effect of government support on privately financed R&D expenditure. Estimates from a two-step equation model suggest that public assistance has a positive effect on private R&D...

This paper investigates the effectiveness of a public innovation policy aimed at stimulating private R&D investment. The research will examine whether public funding increases the total spending on research or merely displaces funding from private sources. The empirical analysis is based on the...

This paper rigorously explores the impact of firm’s collaboration with universities on innovation. Specifically, using a representative dataset of manufacturing and service firms we have applied recent matching techniques to examine the hypotheses that whether academic knowledge has a positive...

Research and development (R&D) tax credits are widely employed among the OECD countries to promote business sector investments in innovation. The implementation of R&D tax credit schemes, however, varies across countries. The empirical research on the effectiveness of R&D tax incentives suggests...

The article shows that the technological precursors of decentralization require a reexamination of technological infrastructure for decentralized systems. Highlighting the past and present events in technology development that helped usher in the age of decentralization, the article examines the...