The purpose of this paper is to find out the long run association between private investment and government expenditure (fiscal policy) in case of Pakistan. Our result shows that current expenditure like defence and debts serving cause crowding out private investment while development...

The core idea of the paper is to empirically assess the effect of Euro-Dollar Exchange rate on chosen macroeconomic variables, like, real output, price level, and money supply of Pakistan. We applied VAR based approaches to find the relation among the said variables due to high reliance on...

The core idea of the paper is to empirically assess the effect of Euro-Dollar Exchange rate on chosen macroeconomic variables, like, real output, price level, and money supply of Pakistan. We applied VAR based approaches to find the relation among the said variables due to high reliance on...

The examination of the purchasing power parity theory with reference to Pakistan is the prime objective of this paper. Consumer price index (CPI), whole sale price index (WPI), and the nominal exchange rates (NEER) are variables in this study for the period 1980-2008, on the basis of mean...

The main purpose of this paper is to find out long run relationship among M2, inflation, government expenditure impact and economic growth in case of Pakistan. For this purpose we have used Johnson co integration test to find out long run association and Granger causality test to find out...

Aftermath the globalization and financial liberalization the purpose of monetary policy deviates from economic growth to economic stabilization. Therefore monetary authority adjusts its policy rate in response to systematic changes in macroeconomic activities and business fluctuations. The rule...

Aftermath the globalization and financial liberalization the purpose of monetary policy deviates from economic growth to economic stabilization. Therefore monetary authority adjusts its policy rate in response to systematic changes in macroeconomic activities and business fluctuations. The rule...

The prime object of the study is to find the long run relationship between macroeconomic variables and prices of shares in Karachi stock exchange in Pakistan context. For this purpose the study considers the monthly data of several macroeconomic variables such as real foreign exchange rate,...

The purpose of the study is to find out whether the foreign direct investment (FDI) and international trade extension is an effective tool of economic stability and development in the current international scenario in case of Pakistan or not, this our research question in this study. The data...

The prime purpose of this research is to find out that from the components of Dupont identity of Return on Equity which component is most consistent or volatile among profit margin, total assets turnover and equity multiplier in Fuel and Energy Sector, Chemicals Sector, Cement Sector,...