The COVID-19 pandemic as well as the Russian invasion of Ukraine have had profound effects on the global energy landscape, with some of the longer-lasting effects still unfolding. This paper discusses how these events have reshaped the supply side of the global oil market by focusing on...

This study investigates the asymmetric effects of oil price shocks on income in a a cointegration framework. Employing the nonlinear auto-regressive distributed lag (NARDL) approach, we show the asymmetric responses of income to changes (shocks) in oil prices in the long-run. More specifically,...