Policy interest in artificial intelligence (AI) and algorithmic systems continues to expand. Regulatory proposals are multiplying rapidly as academics and policymakers consider ways to achieve “AI alignment”—that is, to make sure that algorithmic systems promote human values and...

Public and political interest is intensifying in artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning and robotics. As these technological capabilities advance, legislative and regulatory proposals for algorithmic systems will grow alongside them. Public policy will play a crucial role in shaping the...

To better plan for the economy of the future, many academics and policymakers regularly attempt to forecast the jobs and worker skills that will be needed going forward. Driving these efforts are fears about how technological automation might disrupt workers, skills, professions, firms and...

Even before national governments reach consensus on frequencies for the fifth generation (“5G”) of wireless radio, carriers and equipment manufacturers in the United States tout benefits and scramble to accelerate ready for service dates. Remarkably, most nations meeting a forum organized by...

This chapter suggests a rationale for a simple, scalable, and fast computational approach through the ‘Data With Direction Specification’ (DWDS) to supplement the implementation of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). The specification provides a way for digitally executable...

Despite the emphasis of international IP treaties, such as the TRIPS Agreement, on common minimum IP standards, considerable diversity exists among developing countries regarding the nature and scope of IP standards, approaches to administration and enforcement, and the responsiveness of...

The World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) is the centrepiece of the global system of rules, institutions, and practices governing the ownership and flow of knowledge, technology, and other intellectual assets. During the TRIPS...

The debate on the institutional reform and governance of the WTO has now been underway for over fifteen years. In the context of a Doha Round of multilateral trade negotiations stumbling forward in fits and starts, the most prominent focus of discussions of WTO reform has been options for...

The approach taken by developing countries to intellectual property (IP) decision-making varies widely. This variation raises several questions: How do politics at the national level impact the prospects for development-oriented IP reforms? What kind of institutional frameworks would best ensure...

The success of the World Intellectual Property Organization's (WIPO) Development Agenda will depend upon reforms to the agency's governance. At the 2007 WIPO General Assemblies, several of the recommendations on the Development Agenda adopted by member states specifically alluded to the need for...