This paper explores whether different funding structures-including the source, instrument, currency, and counterparty location of funding-affected the extent of financial stress experienced in various countries and sectors during the Covid-19 spread in early 2020. We measure financial stress...

Amid escalating geopolitical tensions, we offers insights into the far-reaching consequences of wars. Based on a new dataset on major conflicts since 1870, the findings show that wars cause a substantial decline in GDP and spike in inflation within war zones. Interestingly, countries...

Intro -- TITLE PAGE -- COPYRIGHT -- 1: A NEW DIRECTION IN ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Overview of Scholarly Findings -- 3. Final Remark -- References -- 2: DETECTING VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS IN TEMPERATURE RECONSTRUCTIONS BY DESIGNED BREAK-INDICATOR SATURATION -- 1. Introduction...