"This study investigated the impacts of access to inventory credit, input supply shops, fertilizer microdosing demonstrations, and other factors on farmers' use of inorganic fertilizer and other inputs in Niger and on crop yields. We found that access to inventory credit and input supply shops...

We examine the relative importance of country, industry, world market and currency risk factors for international stock returns. Our approach focuses on testing the mean-variance efficiency of the various factor portfolios. An unconditional analysis does not show significant differences between...

This paper uses style analysis to investigate whether Euro-zone equity returns are driven by country or industry effects over the 1990--2008 period. We find that before the introduction of the Euro, country effects dominate, while industry effects prevail after 1999. This reversal is driven...

We investigate, from a portfolio performance perspective, the relative importance of country and industry factors as determinants of international equity returns in the Euro-zone over the 1990 to 2003 period. Although industry- and country-based portfolios are indistinguishable in terms of...

We test a conditional asset pricing model that includes long-term interest rate risk as a priced factor for four asset classes—large stocks, small stocks, and long-term Treasury and corporate bonds. We find that the interest risk premium is the main component of the risk premiums for bond...

A decision maker tests whether the gradient of the loss function evaluated at a judgmental decision is zero. If the test does not reject, the action is the judgmental decision. If the test rejects, the action sets the gradient equal to the boundary of the rejection region. This statistical...

A statistical decision rule incorporating judgment does not perform worse than a judgmental decision with a given probability. Under model misspecification, this probability is unknown. The best model is the least misspecified, as it is the one whose probability of underperforming the judgmental...