Do sanctions strengthen the targeted regime? I analyze the 2014 imposition of Western sanctions on Russia and its … stations that had a sanctioned firm in immediate vicinity. Targeted sanctions imposition also affected voter turnout. The … effect on voting can be explained as rally-around-the-flag in the face of sanctions, as long as voters did not endure …

its value against the US dollar. The impact of the conflict on Russia may have been amplified by sanctions imposed by … investment. In the aftermath of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine that broke out early 2014, the Russian ruble lost 50% of … Western countries. However, as Russia is heavily dependent on natural resource exports, another factor behind the …

Union as a countermeasure to sanctions introduced by the EU and several other countries after Russia's actions in Ukraine … and the annexation of Crimea. This paper assesses the effect of Russia's counter-sanctions on the economies of the Baltic … problems in international trade data due to re-exports. The amount of trade affected by Russia's counter-sanctions varies …