Indonesia applies Islamic financial instruments in its financial system. Indonesia adheres to a bank-based industry financial system that puts Islamic banking as the driving force of the economy. This study aimed to examine the effect of Islamic financial performance in the intermediation...

This paper assesses the effectiveness of both financial depth and financial inclusion in the mitigation of output volatility during the Global Financial crisis. In addition to their direct relations, the paper also evaluates whether finance will be more effective in countries with more developed...