The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 provides thatfinancial holding companies can invest in private equity funds that supplyventure capital to entrepreneurial firms.In this study, the equityfinancing of the entrepreneurial firm is analyzed in relationship to thenon-verifiable cash flow of the...

This note considers Tobin's average Q in a framework where firms finance investment by equities and debt. The determination of its long-run equilibrium value Q° is based on positing equality of the loan rate and, adjusted for a risk premium, the return on equities. Q° can thus be characterized...

We show that Tobin's q, as proxied by the ratio of the firm's market value to its book value, increases with the firm's systematic equity risk and falls with the firm's unsystematic equity risk. Further, an increase in the firm's total equity risk is associated with a fall in q. The negative...