are fundamentally divided into teaching and research activities. However, the concept of determination of the productivity …

To better understand how academic research can contribute to innovative growth and to assess how Europe is and could be … importance to the study of the innovation process, only recently research has started to attempt to trace researchers … factor for tech transfer identified is the quality of the research faculty and their created ideas. Overall, the most salient …

materials. However, increasing industry funding of research can restrict the dissemination of results and materials. We show … scientists who receive industry funding are twice as likely to deny requests for research inputs as those who do not. Receiving …, however, 50% more likely to be denied access to research materials by others, but this is not affected by being funded …