The US criminal justice system is exceptionally punitive. We test whether racial heterogeneity is one cause, exploiting cross-jurisdiction variation in punishment in four Southern states. We estimate the causal effect of jurisdiction on arrest charge outcome, validating our estimates using a...

This paper is a discussion of whether single-member judicial panels are an effective way of accelerating the delivery of criminal justice. We use a reform which introduced single-member courts in Greece, where delays in court proceedings are common according to the European Justice Scoreboard...

I examine all cases decided by the New York State Ethics Commission between 1980-2005 to determine the rates at which judges are cited for ethical violations and the types of violations they receive. I find, using data from over 650 ethics citations, that judges cited often 1) exhibit a pattern...