In Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), financial technology has been growing rapidly and is on the agenda of many policy makers. Fintech provides opportunities to deepen financial development, competition, innovation, and inclusion in the region but also creates new and only partially...

This paper delves into the potential impacts of the recently published Network and Information Security Directive 2 (NIS2) and Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) on EU cybersecurity resilience and cloud adoption. Employing a mixed method of descriptive literature review, narrative review,...

The Silicon Flatirons Center convened 43 leaders from the legal, academic, and business community (collectively, “the Roundtable”) on January 10, 2013. The Roundtable discussed the risks of cloud computing and how businesses generally, and the health care and energy sectors specifically, can...

This paper looks at cybersecurity and the protection of critical national infrastructure, as an area of systemic risk to society. In particular, it looks at the obligations and potential penalties which apply to cloud providers under the regulatory framework established by the EU’s Network and...

Based on technical assistance to central banks by the IMF's Monetary and Capital Markets Department and Information Technology Department, this paper examines fintech and the related area of cybersecurity from the perspective of central bank risk management. The paper draws on findings from the...

Based on technical assistance to central banks by the IMF’s Monetary and Capital Markets Department and Information Technology Department, this paper examines fintech and the related area of cybersecurity from the perspective of central bank risk management. The paper draws on findings from...