risky areas. We propose modifying the Japanese earthquake insurance system by adopting a more refined risk rating system … that more closely reflects regional differences in earthquake risk … and cross-subsidies in earthquake insurance policy in Japan. Cross-subsidies are defined as the difference between a fair …

earthquake protection in Quebec and British Columbia is influenced by the default option and the structure of the insurance plan …. Homeowners in both provinces were given the opportunity to purchase protection against earthquake losses when presented with one … public-private risk pool. The default frame was changed so the homeowner could either opt-in by purchasing this coverage or …