effects of direct democracy. Town meetings (popular assemblies) replace local councils in small German municipalities below a … specific population threshold. Difference-in-differences, RD and event study estimates consistently show that direct democracy …% under direct democracy. We do not find that business tax rates change. Direct democracy allows citizens to design tax …

effects of direct democracy. Town meetings (popular assemblies) replace local councils in small German municipalities below a … specific population threshold. Difference-in-differences, RD and event study estimates consistently show that direct democracy …% under direct democracy. We do not find that business tax rates change. Direct democracy allows citizens to design tax …

1995 to study the fiscal effects of direct democracy. In the first part of the paper, we establish the relationship between … from Switzerland and the US - direct democracy causes an expansion of local government budgets. …

We study the effect of direct democracy on local taxation. Our setting is the German federal state of Bavaria, where in … 1995 a state-wide referendum introduced the possibility to initiate direct democratic legislation into the local government …