Purpose: Mandatory disclosure of a firm’s intellectual capital (IC) is restricted by accounting regulations, leading companies to use voluntary disclosure to inform their stakeholders about their IC. However, voluntary IC disclosure (ICD) is costly and may lead to a leak of knowledge....

Despite the importance of intellectual capital (IC), accounting standards are conservative concerning the capitalization of IC as assets. Thus, intangible-intensive firms disclose additional IC information, e.g. in their annual reports. The market-to-book value (MBV) ratio is regarded as an...

Purpose: Understand income differential and its contingent factors for self-employed accountants as an example of professional service providers.Design/methodology/approach: We surveyed self-employed accountants with a questionnaire and analyzed data using Chi² test and quantile...

Rieg and Schoder reply to the article mentioned, published in the same issue of Foresight. Copyright International Institute of Forecasters, 2011