This paper investigates empirically how and why men and women are different in their confidence levels. Using the data … students. While ability alone increases confidence and decreases overconfidence, the interaction effect of feminine gender and … ones, while the positive effect of ability on confidence is smaller for females. That being said, the negative gender gap …

solving. We evaluate the causal effect of the intervention on the gender gap in mathematics in Italy with a randomized … the math gender gap by more than 40%. The effect is stronger for girls with high pre-test scores. …

development contributes to explain almost two thirds of the widening of the math gender gap during the adolescence years. We also …Using different production function models, we study the causal association between adolescence development and the … puberty development and educational outcomes from childhood into adolescence. We first document a widening of about 10 percent …

We study how admission policies in higher education affect enrollment decisions of men and women and the decision to … application decisions of men and women. After the reform, fewer students applied to higher education and the reform especially … discouraged the participation of women. After the reform, more men and women applied to STEM programs or non-subsidized non …

allocation. In this paper, we make two contributions: (1) we examine the depiction of race and gender in award-winning children … the sentiment associated with the famous individuals mentioned in these books. While the sentiment surrounding women is … positive overall, on average, we see that Black women are more often portrayed with negative sentiment in Mainstream books …

Previous research has identified a gender gap in the difference between teacher grading andscores on national exams at … the end of secondary school. We go a step further and look at howteacher characteristics may influence this gender gap. We … find that exams are relatively morefavorable for boys, regardless of the teacher gender or the gender matching. Results …

degrees for men and women. We find substantial variation across degrees, and evidence that OLS overestimates the returns to … increased wage rates, though hours play an important role in some degrees, such as medicine, especially for women. Third, we … degrees. We show annual earnings and hours worked while enrolled in graduate school vary a lot by gender and degree. Finally …

We study whether female students benefit from being taught by female professors, and whether such gender match effects … 2006 and 2018. We find that gender match effects on student performance are sizable in smaller classes, but do not exist in … for the emergence of gender match effects. Instead, the mere fact that one's professor is female is not sufficient to …

about the mechanisms explaining these gender match effects. Using administrative records from a German public university …, which cover all programs and courses between 2006 and 2018, we show that gender match effects are sizable in smaller classes … professors are crucial for gender match effects to emerge. In contrast, the mere fact that one's professor is female is not …

Diversity in gender identity and sexual orientation challenges traditional institutions, social norms, and gendered …