In a world with an accelerating economic and social change, there is an increasing need to keep workers’ skills continuously up-to-date during their working and private lives. In this paper we ask the question of how in modern societies unequal educational attainments at first entry into the...

This study analyses how the long-term modernisation process as well as ups and downs of business cycles affect the entry of men into the labour market in West Germany and their career mobility. Combining longitudinal data from the German Life History Study and the ALWA study, we first...