We explore the cost of implicit leverage associated with an S&P 500 Index futures contract and derive an implied financing rate. While this implicit financing rate has often been attractive relative to market rates on explicit financing, the relationship between the implicit and explicit...

We examine whether volatility spillover between US equity and commodity markets has significantly changed with the heavy influx of index traders in commodity derivatives markets, which is a phenomenon referred to as financialization. Previous findings show that institutional traders enter...

We develop a two-layer asset pricing framework to analyze the fragility of the corporate bond market. In the model, households allocate wealth to institutional investors such as mutual funds and insurance companies. Institutional investors then allocate funds to specific assets. Equilibrium...

How can exchanges and regulators improve the liquidity and stability of modern financial markets through liquidity provision obligations and incentives? We exploit two market maker programs as natural experiments using unique message-level trade and quote data from the Brazilian stock exchange...

We document significant outperformance by government bond funds on important macro announcement days such as FOMC and GDP. The macro-day outperformance is persistent, larger during times of high macro disagreement and surprise, and stronger for active funds with larger idiosyncratic volatility....

Can you give an example of wrong-way risk? Are you confident of the distinctions between operating risk, operational risk, and operations risk? Can you define and distinguish between systematic risk and systemic risk? Do you know the relationship between de-risking risk and correspondent banking...

We extend the framework used in Aikman, Kiley, Lee, Palumbo, and Warusawitharana (2015) that maps vulnerabilities in the U.S. financial system to a broader set of advanced and emerging economies. Our extension tracks a broader set of vulnerabilities and, therefore, captures signs of different...

The actions taken by J. P. Morgan during the Panic of 1907 reveal how a skilled leader can dominate those of formal institutions during the resolution of a financial crisis. First, we examine how Morgan coordinated emergency liquidity infusions during the Panic in the absence of a formal lender...

We estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on credit risk changes on a large sample of Polish SME firms. The Altman Z"-Score model, which has proven to be a powerful and robust bankruptcy prediction model across many industries and countries, is used to assess over 1,000 SMEs from seven...