trade and technology could boost trade not just trade-liberalization per se; (iv) given the region's weaker production basis … targets of inclusive development via trade facilitation, and regional integration, the paper argues that given the Covid-19 … setback full potential depends on trade-led spillover benefits and structural factors. Our objective is to show that: given …

. Unilateral decoupling of the EU from China (a doubling of trade costs) would reduce real income in the EU on average by 0 … decline by 1.4 percent (48.4 bn EUR). China would also lose from such a trade war, with real income declining by 1.3 percent …. Should the EU increase its trade barriers against all its non-European trading partners, real income in the Union would fall …