All colonial powers granted concessions to private companies to extract natural resources during the colonial era. Within Africa, these concessions were characterized by indirect rule and violence. We use the arbitrarily defined borders of rubber concessions granted in the north of the Congo...

In this thesis, we will explore what led to the economic development and growth or lack of, in four African Countries with an imperial history. The countries chosen, have two different modern trajectories, the first of the countries; The Democratic Republic of Congo and Kenya have a history of...

"Ouvriers et travailleurs sont des figures bien connues, mais leurs contours n'ont cessé d'évoluer aux XIXe et XXe siècles en Europe. À partir d'un réexamen de la manière dont on a écrit leur histoire, le propos de cet ouvrage ambitieux est de redessiner ces figures. Rassemblant une...