This paper explores the role of the gender equality culture in cross-country gender commuting gap differences. To avoid …-generation immigrants living in the United States with their corresponding annual country of ancestry’s Gender Gap Index (GGI). Because all … conditions in the US, the gender differences among them in the time devoted to commuting to/from work can be interpreted as …

differ by type of marriage and gender of the immigrant—and, consequently, affect how spouses supply labor to the market …. The finding for intermarried female households is reversed, and gender-based specialization increases, when controls for …

according to income levels and gender. This paper is based on the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) carried out by the …) spend on average 20% more time on commuting than the wealthiest decile; 19% of the former make home-towork trips longer than … Belem. Fourth, the data reveal worsening conditions for urban transport since 1992 as reflected in longer average commuting …

-2009. Finally, the gender gap in average commuting times has been reduced considerably over the period considered with only small … according to income levels and gender. This paper is based on the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) carried out by the …) spend on average 20% more time on commuting than the wealthiest decile; 19% of the former make home-towork trips longer than …