Initially defined for overall public purposes, the concept of fiscal space was subsequently developed and adapted for the health sector. In this context, it has been applied in research and policy in over 50 low- and middle-income countries over the past ten years. Building on this vast...

This book examines how nine different health systems--U.S. Medicare, Australia, Thailand, Kyrgyz Republic, Germany, Estonia, Croatia, China (Beijing) and the Russian Federation--have transitioned to using case-based payments, and especially diagnosis-related groups (DRGs), as part of their...

This study presents a comparative analysis of inpatient care data from six countries (Ukraine, Moldova, Romania, Croatia, Estonia, and the Republic of Korea). It uses diagnosis related groups (DRGs) as a framework for benchmarking. The primary aim of the study is to propose methods for comparing...

Ukraine is amid a comprehensive health sector reform to transform the current unaffordable and inefficient system into a modern, more efficient, and affordable one. The country's health system is not addressing non-communicable diseases (NCD) and chronic conditions effectively, and NCD-related...

This report attempts to provide a comprehensive summary of the relevant indicators of mental health and present a detailed analysis of the cost of psychiatric care, particularly highlighting the cost of mental health medications and dietary supplements in Ukraine. The study strives to shed light...

The prevalence of child undernutrition in India is among the highest in the world; nearly double that of Sub-Saharan Africa, with dire consequences for morbidity, mortality, productivity and economic growth. Drawing on qualitative studies and quantitative evidence from large household surveys,...

This paper looks at differential progress on the health Millennium Development Goals between the poor and better-off within countries. The findings are based on original analysis of 235 Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, spanning 64 developing countries over...

This paper uses a common household survey instrument and a common set of imputation assumptions to estimate the pro-poorness of government health expenditure across 69 countries at all levels of income. On average, government health expenditure emerges as significantly pro-rich, but there is...