We examine financial literacy in Germany and its relevance for financial wellbeing. Using data from the Panel on Household Finances collected in 2021, we show that about 62% of German households answer the Big Three financial literacy questions correctly. Those with lower education, who are out...

We document considerable cross-sectional variation in survey expectations about aggregate stock market returns. While most investors are extrapolators who expect higher returns after a good performance, some are contrarians. More notably, compared to extrapolators, contrarians have less...