We study the pattern of volatility of gross issuance in international capital markets since 1980. We find several short-lived episodes of high volatility. Over the long run, however, volatility has declined, suggesting that international financial integration has not made financial markets more...

The Astana International Financial Centre (AIFC) was launched on 1 January 2018. It is envisaged that the AIFC will create an attractive environment for various financial activities. To accomplish this goal, one major feature of the AIFC is that it will operate an independent legal regime based...

Well designed and comprehensive analyses of identifying determinants for a global financial center (GFC) are limited. This study is conducted to examine and identify the fundamental determinants for the Asia-Pacific region. Current literature provides us with 14 determinants which have been used...

London has moved ahead of New York to reclaim the number one position. London climbed 12 points in the ratings to lead New York by eight points. The GFCI is on a scale of 1,000 points and we believe that a lead of fewer than 20 points indicates relative parity. London and New York are often as...