To find the manufacturer's optimal recycling mode under the dual factors of government subsidies and consumers’ low … and retailer within a certain range is conducive to promoting recycling activities, and has positive impact on …

Remanufacturing reduces final wastes to sinks, extraction of virgin materials and pollution from production processes … consumers and industrial end-users introduce uncertainty, regarding quantity and quality of returns. As remanufacturing expands …, escalating competition for acquisition of high quality returns exacerbates uncertainty. Production planning and control for …

One of the industry sectors with the longest history in remanufacturing is the automotive industry. Remanufactured … is to achieve a steady flow of cores (parts that are used for remanufacturing). This flow could be secured by making … of the actual cores, and only perform the remanufacturing activity (service) for an OEM. This new relationship, called …

collecting the cores. This can support the OEM’s decision to engage in remanufacturing even in the case of a collection cost … disadvantage. We show that – counterintuitively – the OEM may take up remanufacturing in situations where the IR would not. While … the introduction of proprietary parts is detrimental to both IRs and consumers, OEM remanufacturing softens this loss for …