This paper studies the links between competition in the lending market and spreads of bank loans in Brazil. Evidence … interest rates as the bank-firm relationship duration increases. Both results are stronger for micro and small firms than for …

outside bank. In equilibrium, the borrower's ability to refinance depends both on the competitiveness of the local banking …, households are more likely to refinance externally if they already have a relation with more than one bank, but the effect is …

We explore Lithuanian credit register data and two bank closures to provide a novel estimate of firms' bank …-switching costs and a novel identification of the hold-up problem. We show that when a distressed bank's closure forced firms to …' reputational concerns, a healthy bank's closure revealed no overcharging. To policy-makers, our results suggest potential benefits …