Estimates of the number of people living in extreme poverty, as reported by the World Bank, figure prominently in international development dialogue and policy. An assumption underpinning these poverty counts is that there are no economies of scale in household size - a family of six needs three...

This study focuses on luck as a source of inequality, including (1) sheer luck and (2) luck that correlates with individual characteristics, such as gender and ethnicity. While the former is more random, the latter is more discriminatory. A strand of previous literature treats luck more...

This study analyzes the impact of gender and ethnic discrimination on redistributive preferences and productivity using a large online experiment with US citizens on Amazon's Mechanical Turk. Participants are randomly allocated to different payment schemes for a real-effort task. Four payment...

This study analyzes the impact of gender and ethnic discrimination on redistributive preferences and productivity using a large online experiment with US citizens on Amazon's Mechanical Turk. Participants are randomly allocated to different payment schemes for a real-effort task. Four payment...

This study focuses on luck as a source of inequality, including (1) sheer luck and (2) luck that correlates with individual characteristics, such as gender and ethnicity. While the former is more random, the latter is more discriminatory. A strand of previous literature treats luck more...

Poverty estimates based on enumeration from a single point in time form the cornerstone for much of the literature on poverty. Households are typically interviewed once about their consumption or income, and their wellbeing is assessed from their responses. Global estimates of poverty that...

Poverty lines are typically higher in richer countries, and lower in poorer ones, reflecting the relative nature of national assessments of who is considered poor. In many high-income countries, poverty lines are explicitly relative, set as a share of mean or median income. Despite systematic...

With the recent release of the 2011 purchasing power parity (PPP) data from the International Comparison Program (ICP), analysts and institutions are confronted with the question of whether and how to use them for global poverty estimation. The previous round of PPP data from 2005 led to a large...

World Bank's international poverty line of USD1.90/day, at 2011 purchasing power parity, is based on a collection of national poverty lines, which were originally used to set the international poverty line of USD1.25/day at 2005 purchasing power parity. This paper proposes an approach for...