In this paper I contrast the impact of precision, i.e., the level of accuracy with which workers' performance is assessed, on wage costs in U- and J-type tournaments. In U-type tournaments prizes are fixed. In J-type tournaments only an overall wage sum is specified. The principal can increase...

This paper investigates the discrepancy among the multiple ranking lists of the same performers. It treats ranking lists as some well-positioned information products rather than the repetitive measures of performance. Hence, discrepancy stems from the differentiation rather than the measure...