of preferred working hours. Semi-parametric difference-in-differences estimation based on survey data from the German … care can tap labor market potentials beyond those of currently underemployed mothers. Moreover, conditional effects show … that especially better educated and non-single mothers respond to the reform. …

performing household duties, and less time commuting with their children in the middle of the day relative to mothers with half … family came to the forefront. We leverage pronounced changes in the availability of public schooling for young children …—through duration expansions to the kindergarten day—to better understand mothers’ and families’ constraints. We first show that mothers …

employment and fertility among women, as well as long‐run cognitive outcomes among children. A dynamic structural model of … employment, fertility, and child care use is estimated using Norwegian administrative data. The estimation exploits a large … that the reform generates sizable changes in employment and fertility decisions, especially among low‐education women. We …