Improvement of transportation has contributed to tourism expansion. Indeed tourism implies mobility and mobility needs transportation. Furthermore, transportation links the various destinations and people, goods, and services. The link between HSR services and tourism has been investigated only...

The continuing growth of urban regions coupled with their strong interactions with transportation systems places great emphasis on the coevolution of these systems. In this paper we introduce three developments. First, as a preliminary, the dynamic model of the evolution of retail structure is...

Transportation systems are "internally" complex systems, made up of many elements influencing each other both directly and indirectly, often nonlinearly, with many feedback cycles. Apart from the internal complexity, transportation systems are closely interrelated with other systems, which can...