Expressways in China make use of the toll-by-weight scheme, in which expressway tolls are collected based on the weight and traveling distance of the vehicle. Most vehicle routing models assume that the cost of traversing each edge is equivalent to edge length or some constant; as a result, such...

In this paper, we extend upon current research in the vehicle routing problem whereby labour regulations affect planning horizons, and therefore, profitability. We call this extension the multiperiod vehicle routing problem with profit (mVRPP). The goal is to determine routes for a set of...

With the development of society, the computer has become an indispensable part of people's daily life, especially in the study, and it plays an important role in their respective fields. Under the influence of the rapid development of computer, computer games are also thriving. Jigsaw puzzle is...

This paper will be introduced to the magnetic integration technology is the excitation converter, magnetic integration technology research on the influence of the output current ripple and dynamic performance of the converter. Papers put forward integrated scheme of transformer and filter...

Unlike the narrow approach currently prevailing in the literature, this paper proposes a Nash bargaining model to explore an optimal strategy for state-owned enterprise (SOE) reforms in China. We argue that ceteris paribus the current illnesses of low efficiency and rent-seeking commonly...

This paper constructed a simple model to illustrate the global supply chain profit sharing and industrial upgrading mechanism, from which it was found that the average profitability distribution in the different supply chain stages was determined by two main factors: (1) the average product of...

The dichotomy in the economics of transition literature with regard to the reform speed (Gradualist vs Radical Approach) and reform strategy (incremental reform vs structural reform) fails to capture the essence of the transitional process of a transitional economy that was ever under the...

The stress resistance and growth of the rootstock of grafted plants are influenced by scion traits, but the underlying mechanism is unclear in apple. Thus, we performed an RNA-seq analysis and examined the physiological and biochemical indices of seedlings generated by grafting wild-type (WT) or...

Naphthalimide-based molecules, namely NEN and NTA, were designed and utilized as versatile cathode interlayers in organic solar cells (OSCs). Compared with one-armed NA previously reported and two-armed NEN, the NTA with a three-armed molecular structure exhibits more clearly the...