In this paper, we identify the most suitable low-frequency proxies for analyzing commodity market quality. We use an 11-year sample of millisecond time-stamped order book data and examine the correlation of high-frequency liquidity and price efficiency measures with their low-frequency proxies...

In this paper, we study the quality of commodity futures markets. We investigate the impact of two major changes: (1) The influx of index investors after 2004 (financialization) and (2) the introduction of side-by-side trading of open-outcry and electronic limit order markets around mid-2006...

Using a comprehensive dataset of first, second and third generation commodity indices, we investigate the potential diversification benefits in equity-bond portfolios. The results show that first generation commodity indices are outperformed by enhanced indices. Second generation indices provide...

The liberalization of electricity markets has forced energy producing companies and traders to calculate costs closer to the profit frontier. Thus, an efficient risk management and risk controlling are needed to ensure the financial survival even during bad times. Using the RAROC methodology we...